Cave Animals |
Động vật trong hang động |
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Caves are often very dark. Not many things can live and grow in them. But some animals have adapted to this habitat. Read about four of them. |
Hang động thường rất tối. Không có nhiều thứ có thể sống và phát triển trong đó. Nhưng một số loài động vật đã thích nghi với môi trường sống này. Đọc về bốn loài trong số chúng. |
Bats use echolocation. Bats make a high-pitched sound. It bounces off cave walls. They use its echo to navigate and find food in the dark.
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Dơi sử dụng định vị bằng tiếng vang. Dơi tạo ra âm thanh có tần số cao. Âm thanh này dội lại từ vách hang. Chúng sử dụng tiếng vang để định hướng và tìm thức ăn trong bóng tối.
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Glowworms are bioluminescent. This means they make their own light. See the blue lights above? Those are glowworms.
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Sâu phát sáng là loài phát quang sinh học. Điều này có nghĩa là chúng tự tạo ra ánh sáng. Bạn có thấy những ánh sáng màu xanh ở trên không? Đó là sâu phát sáng.
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Blind cave fish feel vibrations. They have no eyes. They can sense changes or movement in the water. That helps them locate food. |
Cá hang mù cảm nhận được rung động. Chúng không có mắt. Chúng có thể cảm nhận được những thay đổi hoặc chuyển động trong nước. Điều đó giúp chúng xác định vị trí thức ăn. |
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Olms can survive with little food. These cave salamanders can go years without eating. They cannot see well. But their other senses are strong. |
Olms có thể sống sót với ít thức ăn. Những con kỳ nhông hang động này có thể sống nhiều năm mà không cần ăn. Chúng không thể nhìn rõ. Nhưng các giác quan khác của chúng rất mạnh. |
Vocabulary List
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cave (n) /keɪv/: A natural underground space, often large enough for humans or animals to enter.
Vietnamese: hang động
Example: The explorers discovered a hidden cave filled with stalactites. -
dark (adj) /dɑːrk/: Having little or no light.
Vietnamese: tối, không có ánh sáng
Example: It was so dark inside the cave that they needed flashlights to see. -
adapt to (v) /əˈdæpt tuː/: To change behavior or characteristics to suit a new environment.
Vietnamese: thích nghi với
Example: Bats have adapted to living in dark caves. -
habitat (n) /ˈhæbɪtæt/: The natural environment where a plant or animal lives.
Vietnamese: môi trường sống
Example: The cave provides a safe habitat for many species of bats. -
bat (n) /bæt/: A small flying mammal that often lives in caves and uses echolocation to navigate.
Vietnamese: con dơi
Example: The bat hung upside down from the cave ceiling. -
echolocation (n) /ˌekəʊləʊˈkeɪʃən/: A method used by certain animals to locate objects by producing sounds and listening to the echoes.
Vietnamese: định vị bằng tiếng vang
Example: Bats use echolocation to find their prey in the dark. -
high-pitched sound (n) /ˌhaɪ ˈpɪtʃt saʊnd/: A noise that has a very high frequency.
Vietnamese: âm thanh có tần số cao
Example: The bat emitted a high-pitched sound to navigate in the cave. -
bounce off (v) /baʊns ɔːf/: To hit a surface and move away from it.
Vietnamese: dội lại, bật ra
Example: The sound waves bounce off the cave walls. -
echo (n) /ˈekəʊ/: A sound that reflects off a surface and is heard again.
Vietnamese: tiếng vang
Example: She shouted into the cave, and her voice echoed back. -
navigate (v) /ˈnævɪɡeɪt/: To find the way to a place, especially by using special methods.
Vietnamese: định hướng, tìm đường
Example: Bats navigate through the dark using echolocation. -
glowworm (n) /ˈɡləʊwɜːrm/: A type of insect or larva that emits light.
Vietnamese: sâu phát sáng, đom đóm
Example: The cave was lit up by the soft glow of glowworms. -
bioluminescent (adj) /ˌbaɪəʊˌluːmɪˈnesnt/: Producing light naturally, often seen in some animals and plants.
Vietnamese: phát quang sinh học
Example: The bioluminescent algae glowed in the water. -
blind (adj) /blaɪnd/: Unable to see.
Vietnamese: mù
Example: Some cave-dwelling animals are completely blind. -
vibration (n) /vaɪˈbreɪʃn/: A continuous movement or shaking.
Vietnamese: sự rung động
Example: The vibrations from the footsteps could be felt on the cave floor. -
sense (v) /sens/: To detect or feel something, especially through natural ability.
Vietnamese: cảm nhận
Example: Bats can sense the presence of objects using echolocation. -
movement (n) /ˈmuːvmənt/: The act of changing position or place.
Vietnamese: sự chuyển động
Example: The faint movement of the air indicated a hidden passage. -
locate (v) /ləʊˈkeɪt/: To find the exact position of something.
Vietnamese: định vị
Example: They used a map to locate the entrance of the cave. -
survive (v) /sərˈvaɪv/: To continue to live, especially in difficult conditions.
Vietnamese: sống sót
Example: Cave-dwelling creatures have unique adaptations to survive in the dark. -
salamander (n) /ˈsæləˌmændər/: A small amphibian with a long body and tail, often found in damp environments.
Vietnamese: kỳ giông / kỳ nhông
Example: The blind salamander is a rare species that lives in caves.
Reviewing Tasks
Task 1: Completion Task
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word or phrase from the word bank. Use each word or phrase only once.
Word Bank: cave, blind, echolocation, salamander, bioluminescent, navigate, adapt to, vibration, habitat, glowworm
- The explorers ventured into a deep _______ to study its unique ecosystem.
- Some cave-dwelling animals are completely _______ due to the lack of light.
- Bats use _______ to locate prey in the dark by producing high-pitched sounds.
- A rare species of _______ lives only in underground water sources.
- The _______ insects created a magical light display in the dark cave.
- Animals that live in caves must _______ the darkness and lack of food.
- The sound waves produced by bats _______ the space to avoid obstacles.
- The delicate _______ on the ground suggested the presence of a hidden stream.
- Many animals find a safe _______ in caves, away from predators.
- The _______ emits a faint light to attract prey in its environment.
Task 2: Word Form Task
Complete the sentences using the correct form of the word in parentheses.
- The bat’s use of _______ (echo) helps it survive in total darkness.
- The _______ (vibrate) from the earthquake could be felt even in the cave.
- Glowworms are a perfect example of _______ (bioluminescence) organisms.
- Animals in caves have developed _______ (adapt) traits to thrive in their environment.
- The researchers were amazed by the _______ (navigate) skills of the blind salamander.
Task 3: Synonym Matching
Match the words on the left with their closest synonyms on the right.
| Words | Synonyms |
|---|---|
| cave | tremor |
| blind | environment |
| vibration | detect |
| sense | shelter |
| habitat | sightless |
Task 4: Gap-Filling (Paragraph Format)
Complete the paragraph using the words from the word bank. Use each word only once.
Word Bank: dark, echo, survive, movement, locate, salamander, high-pitched sound
The _______ environment of caves poses many challenges for the animals that live there. Bats rely on _______ to find their prey, producing a _______ that bounces back to help them _______ obstacles. Other creatures, like the blind _______ , have developed unique abilities to _______ vibrations and slight _______ in the water to find food and _______.
Task 5: Multiple-Choice Task
Choose the correct answer for each question.
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What is the function of echolocation?
a. To produce light in dark environments
b. To amplify vibrations
c. To help animals move faster
d. To locate objects using sound -
Which of the following describes a bioluminescent organism?
a.A creature that glows naturally
b. An animal that navigates using sound
c. A plant that adapts to darkness
d. A species that lives only in caves -
What does the term “habitat” refer to?
a. The sound of an echo in a cave
b. The natural home of an organism
c. The process of adapting to a new environment
d. The act of surviving in difficult conditions -
What is a glowworm?
a. A small amphibian found in caves
b. A high-pitched sound used for navigation
c. A type of bioluminescent insect
d. A vibration felt in the ground -
Which word best describes a salamander?
a. Mammal
b. Amphibian
c. Insect
d. Bird
Answer Keys
Task 1: Completion Task
- cave
- blind
- echolocation
- salamander
- bioluminescent
- adapt to
- navigate
- vibration
- habitat
- glowworm
Task 2: Word Form Task
- echolocation
- vibrations
- bioluminescent
- adaptive
- navigation
Task 3: Synonym Matching
| Words | Synonyms |
|---|---|
| cave | dwelling |
| blind | sightless |
| vibration | tremor |
| sense | detect |
| habitat | environment |
Task 4: Gap-Filling (Paragraph Format)
The dark environment of caves poses many challenges for the animals that live there. Bats rely on echo to find their prey, producing a high-pitched sound that bounces back to help them locate obstacles. Other creatures, like the blind salamander, have developed unique abilities to sense vibrations and slight movement in the water to find food and survive.
Task 5: Multiple-Choice Task
- d. To locate objects using sound
- a. A creature that glows naturally
- b. The natural home of an organism
- c. A type of bioluminescent insect
- b. Amphibian
